Analysis of the correlation between thyroid hormones and thyroid volume by gender: A volumetric computed tomography study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) hormones and thyroid gland volume with volumetric analysis performed by using computed tomography (CT) images. In this retrospective study, IV contrasted thoracic CT images taken for different indications between 2019 January and 2020 January were scanned from the archive system of the hospital. 67 (31F, 36M) individuals chosen randomly among patients whose CT results were reported as normal and who had taken thyroid hormone tests within the past week were included in the study. Images in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format were transferred to the personal work station program (Horos Medical Image Viewer). By using the Region of Interest (ROI) console in the current program, a three dimensional model was obtained by drawing the border of the thyroid gland in sections varying between 15 and 25. Volume values of this three-dimensional model and TSH, T3, T4 values of the individuals were compared. While no correlation was found between thyroid gland volume and T3 and T4 hormones, a negative significant correlation was found with TSH. In terms of gender, thyroid gland volume, T3, T4 values were found to be statistically significantly higher in women when compared with men (p?0.05). TSH value was found to be higher in women when compared with men (p=0.005). No statistically significant difference was found in T4 value (p=0.057). Radio-anatomical volumetric data of the thyroid gland presented in this study and its correlation with thyroid functions will be beneficial to clinicians working in the field in both internal and surgical medicine branches and will also guide future studies

Evaluation of Online Anatomy Education Given in Medicine and Dentistry Faculties of Universities During Covid-19 Pandemic with Student

Objective: We are experiencing the effects of Covid-19 pandemic as the whole world. All educational facilities have been negatively affected within this period. In this study, the aim was to evaluate online Anatomy education during Covid-19 pandemic with students’ feedbacks and it was questioned whether it would be efficient to use online education more actively in the following years.Methods: A total of 1127 first and second year students from Dentistry Faculty and Medicine Faculty of Düzce, Karabük and İnönü Universities were included in the study. The survey prepared in “Google Forms” was sent online to students via “WhatsApp” application. Descriptive statistical analyses were used in data.Results: According to analysis results, it was found that the students agreed on the content and efficiency of online anatomy education, not having learning difficulties, the layout of the lessons, the importance of the lesson, the necessity for their profession, the importance of visual tools, they are worried about not being able to do face-to-face lessons, and anatomy theoretical courses shouldn’t be taught online when the pandemics is over. It was found that medicine faculty students placed more importance on anatomy education in terms of professional aspects.Conclusions: As a result, we believe that the online Anatomy education students receive is important in terms of their professional development. However, we believe that it won’t be possible for online Anatomy education to replace face-to-face education. This study will be a resource for studies to be conducted in medicine and health sciences fields in terms of online education.Amaç: Dünya olarak Covid-19 pandemisinin etkilerini yaşamaktayız. Bu süreçte tüm eğitim faaliyetleri olumsuz etkilendi. Bu çalışmada Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde online Anatomi eğitiminin öğrenci geri bildirimleri ile değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı ve online eğitimin sonraki yıllarda daha aktif kullanılmasının verimli olup olmayacağı sorgulandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Düzce, Karabük ve İnönü Üniversitesi’nin Diş Hekimliği ve Tıp Fakültesi Dönem I ve II öğrencilerinden toplam 1127 öğrenci dahil edildi. Öğrencilere “WhatsApp” uygulaması üzerinden “Google Forms”da hazırlanan anket online olarak gönderildi. Verilerde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel analizler kullanıldı. Bulgular: Analiz sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin verilen online anatomi eğitimin içeri, verimliliği, öğrenme zorluğu çekmedikleri, derslerin düzeni, dersin önemi, meslekleri için gerekliliği, görsel unsurların önemi, dersi yüz yüze ders yapamamaktan dolayı endişeli oldukları ve pandemi bittikten sonra anatomi teorik derslerinin online olarak yapılmasını istemedikleri konularında hemfikir oldukları görüldü. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin mesleki açıdan anatomi eğitimine daha çok önem verdikleri gözlendi. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak öğrencilerinin aldığı online anatomi derslerinin mesleki gelişimleri için önemli olduğu kanısındayız. Ancak yine de online eğitimin yüz yüze örgün eğitim sisteminin yerini almasının söz konusu olmayacağını düşünmekteyiz. Bu çalışma online eğitimler açısından tıp ve sağlık bilimleri alanlarında yapılacak çalışmalar için bir kaynak oluşturacaktır.WOS:00062876870000

The Effects of Kinesio Taping on Reaction Time, Pain, Hand Grip Strength and Upper Extremity Functional State in Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effects of kinesio taping (KT) in addition to conventional physiotherapy methods, on visualreaction time (VRT) and auditory reaction time (ART), pain, handgrip strength (HGS), and upper extremity function in patients withlateral epicondylitis (LE).Materials and Methods: 70 patients diagnosed with LE by a physician in a university hospital were included in the study. Patientswith LE were randomly divided into “Inhibitory KT” (IKT) and “Sham KT” (SKT) groups. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) measureswere made at rest (VAS-R), with movement (VAS-M), and at night (VAS-N) separately. Hubbard Scientific reaction timer for VRTART assessment, quick disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire (Quick DASH) for the functional state, and Jamar handdynamometer measurements for HGS were recorded for pre-treatment and post-treatment comparisons.Results: In pre-treatment and post-treatment group comparison, it was found that both groups showed statistically significant recoveryin all parameters (p<0.05). When post-treatment data of the groups were compared, it was found that VAS-M, VAS-R, VRT, and ARTscores showed a statistically significant decrease in the IKT group (p<0.05).Conclusion: The present study shows that KT application in addition to conventional physiotherapy was an effective method in LE’sconservative treatment. Statistically significant differences were found on pain, reaction time (RT) scores in favor of the IKT groupwhen the post-treatment results of both groups were comparedAmaç. Bu çalışmanın amacı lateral epikondilitli (LE) hastalarda konvansiyonel fizyoterapi yöntemlerine ek olarak uygulanan kinezyo bantlama uygulamasının (KB) görsel reaksiyon zamanı (GRZ) ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanı (İRT), ağrı, el kavrama kuvveti (EKK) ve üst ekstremite fonksiyonu üzerine olan etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Araçlar ve Yöntem: Bir üniversite hastanesinde fiziatrist tarafından LE tanısı konulan 70 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. LE’li hastalar randomize olarak “inhibisyon KT” (İKB) ve “sahte KT” (SKB) gruplarına ayrıldı. Vizuel Analog Skala’da (VAS) istirahat (VAS-İ), hareket (VAS-H) ve gece (VAS-G) değerlendirmeleri ayrı ayrı yapıldı. GRZ-İRZ değerlendirmesi için Hubbard Scientific reaksiyon zamanlayıcı, fonksiyonel durum değerlendirmesi için Hızlı Kol, Omuz, El Sakatlık Ölçeği ve EKK için Jamar el dinamometresi ölçümleri tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası karşılaştırmalar için kaydedildi. Bulgular: Tedavi öncesi ve sonrası grup içi karşılaştırmada her iki grubun tüm parametrelerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı iyileşme gösterdiği belirlendi (p<0.05). Grupların tedavi sonrası verileri karşılaştırıldığında ise VAS-H, VAS-İ, GRZ ve İRZ skorlarının İKB grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma gösterdiği tespit edildi (p<0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, konvansiyonel fizyoterapiye ek olarak uygulanan KT’nin LE’nin konservatif tedavisinde etkili bir yöntem olduğunu gösterildi. Her iki grubun tedavi sonrası sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında ağrı, reaksiyon zamanı (RZ) skorlarında IKT grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulund

Analysis of chippaux smirak index on dynamic balance scores

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine whether Chippaux Smirak Index (CSI) calculated from footprint and measurements takenfrom foot have an effect on balance scores.Materials and Methods: 61volunteers (25 males, 36 females) between the ages of 18 and 24 were included in our study and 122feet were measured. Footprints of the participants were taken by using Harris imprint. Footprints were scanned, the parameterswere measured with Digimizer program and CSI was calculated. Metatarsal foot width (MFW), maximum metatarsal foot width(MMFW), length of the foot (LoFA), heel width (HW) and foot length (FL) taken from footprints were measured. Individuals withCSI >62.70% were considered as flatfooted and excluded from the study. Dynamic balance measurements were made with BiodexBalance System (BBS) (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, 2000, New York). Overall (OA), anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral(ML) dynamic balance assessments of the participants were made with eyes open.Results: According to Mann Whitney U analysis results, statistically significant difference was found between MFW, MMFW, LoFA,HW and FL parameters of men and women in both feet (p<0.05). It was found that OA, AP and ML balance scores had a statisticallysignificant difference between men and women for dynamic balance (p<0.05). According to Sperman Rho correlation analysis, apositive correlation was found between weight and body mass index (BMI) and balance scores in men and women. It was found thatthere was no significant correlation between CSI and balance scores.Conclusion: As a conclusion, while no association was found between weight and BMI and CSI, a positive correlation was foundbetween weight and balance scores. We believe the fact that women have lower BMI gives them an advantage in terms of balancescores. In addition, it was found as a result of this study that there was no association between CSI and balance scores. We believethat our study will have an important place in literature and be a guide since we compared both genders

Fiziksel Engelli Çocuklarda Beslenme Durumu ile Somatotip Profilleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda beslenme durumu somatotip karaktertipini etkileyebilir. Bu çocuklarda beslenme durumunun olumsuzetkilenmesi aşırı zayıflığa veya aşırı kilo alımına, özelliklekilonun vücudun santral bölgesinde toplanmasına nedenolabilecek bir etkendir. Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda beslenmeninobezite ile ilişkisi bilinmekle birlikte, somatotip üzerine etkisiniaraştıran sınırlı çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada fizikselengelli çocuklarda beslenme durumunun somatotip karakterleriüzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmaya 84 fizikselengelli çocuk katıldı. Çocuklar fonksiyonel engel seviyeleri KabaMotor Fonksiyon Sınıflama Sistemi (KMFSS) ile değerlendirildi.Çocukların yaş, boy, vücut ağırlığı, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ)değişkenleri belirlendi. Somatotip karakter analizi Heath-Cartermetodu ile beslenme durumu ise Çocuk Beslenme Anketi (ÇBA)ile değerlendirildi. Çocuklarda ‘mezomorfik endomorf’, ‘endomezomorf’, ‘dengeli ektomorf’ ile ‘mezomorfi ve endomorfi’olmak üzere 4 somatotip karakteri belirlendi. Yapılan istatistikselanaliz sonucunda fiziksel engelli çocukların somatotipkarakterleri ile beslenme durumları arasında ilişki olmadığıbelirlendi (p>0.05). Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda somatotipkarakterleri ile beslenme durumları arasında ilişki bulunmadı. Budurum fiziksel engelli çocuklarda somatotip karakteri belirleyendiğer etkenlerin araştırılması yönünden dikkate alınmalıdır.The nutritional status in physically disabled children may affect the somatotype character type. Negatively affected nutritional status of these children is a factor that may cause excessive weakness or excessive weight gain, especially in the central part of the body. Although it is known that nutrition in children with physical disabilities is associated with obesity, there is limited study investigating the effect of somatotype on nutrition. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nutritional status on the somatotype characteristics of children with physical disabilities. 84 physically disabled children participated in the study. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) is used to evaluate the functional disability level of children. Age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI) variables of the children were determined. Somatotype character analysis was evaluated by the Heath-Carter Method and nutritional status was evaluated by the Child Nutrition Questionnaire. 4 somatotype characters; mesomorphic endomorph, endo-mesomorph, balanced ectomorph, mesomorphy and endomorphy are determined in children. As a result of the statistical analysis, it was determined that the nutritional status of physically disabled children did not affect somatotype characteristics (p>0.05). It was determined that somatotype characters did not affect the nutritional status of children with physical disabilities. This situation should be taken into consideration in terms of investigating other factors that determine the somatotype character in children with physical disabilities

Fiziksel Engelli Çocuklarda Beslenme Durumu ile Somatotip Profilleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda beslenme durumu somatotip karaktertipini etkileyebilir. Bu çocuklarda beslenme durumunun olumsuzetkilenmesi aşırı zayıflığa veya aşırı kilo alımına, özelliklekilonun vücudun santral bölgesinde toplanmasına nedenolabilecek bir etkendir. Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda beslenmeninobezite ile ilişkisi bilinmekle birlikte, somatotip üzerine etkisiniaraştıran sınırlı çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada fizikselengelli çocuklarda beslenme durumunun somatotip karakterleriüzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmaya 84 fizikselengelli çocuk katıldı. Çocuklar fonksiyonel engel seviyeleri KabaMotor Fonksiyon Sınıflama Sistemi (KMFSS) ile değerlendirildi.Çocukların yaş, boy, vücut ağırlığı, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ)değişkenleri belirlendi. Somatotip karakter analizi Heath-Cartermetodu ile beslenme durumu ise Çocuk Beslenme Anketi (ÇBA)ile değerlendirildi. Çocuklarda ‘mezomorfik endomorf’, ‘endomezomorf’, ‘dengeli ektomorf’ ile ‘mezomorfi ve endomorfi’olmak üzere 4 somatotip karakteri belirlendi. Yapılan istatistikselanaliz sonucunda fiziksel engelli çocukların somatotipkarakterleri ile beslenme durumları arasında ilişki olmadığıbelirlendi (p>0.05). Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda somatotipkarakterleri ile beslenme durumları arasında ilişki bulunmadı. Budurum fiziksel engelli çocuklarda somatotip karakteri belirleyendiğer etkenlerin araştırılması yönünden dikkate alınmalıdır.The nutritional status in physically disabled children may affect the somatotype character type. Negatively affected nutritional status of these children is a factor that may cause excessive weakness or excessive weight gain, especially in the central part of the body. Although it is known that nutrition in children with physical disabilities is associated with obesity, there is limited study investigating the effect of somatotype on nutrition. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nutritional status on the somatotype characteristics of children with physical disabilities. 84 physically disabled children participated in the study. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) is used to evaluate the functional disability level of children. Age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI) variables of the children were determined. Somatotype character analysis was evaluated by the Heath-Carter Method and nutritional status was evaluated by the Child Nutrition Questionnaire. 4 somatotype characters; mesomorphic endomorph, endo-mesomorph, balanced ectomorph, mesomorphy and endomorphy are determined in children. As a result of the statistical analysis, it was determined that the nutritional status of physically disabled children did not affect somatotype characteristics (p>0.05). It was determined that somatotype characters did not affect the nutritional status of children with physical disabilities. This situation should be taken into consideration in terms of investigating other factors that determine the somatotype character in children with physical disabilities